Four collisions between Lewis Hamilton and Max Verstappen, 2018-2022

Did Hamilton’s 10th tangle with Verstappen show he’s being “more aggressive” now?

2022 F1 season

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Following a series of run-ins, incidents and collisions with Max Verstappen, which became increasingly frequent throughout the bitter 2021 championship fight, Lewis Hamilton decided he needed to be tougher with his rival.

“I will be a more aggressive driver this year,” the Mercedes driver vowed ahead of the 2022 season. “You’ll see.”

Until last weekend we had little chance to see whether this was actually true or not. The Mercedes has not been competitive enough for Hamilton to find himself fighting Verstappen for victory as regularly as he did last year.

That began to change over the second half of the season, however. Finally in Brazil the two found themselves seriously disputing the same piece of asphalt again, and once more contact was made. Did the latest tangle in their eight years of racing each other show Hamilton has made good on his pledge to toughen up against Verstappen?

2018 Bahrain Grand Prix

Max Verstappen, Lewis Hamilton, Bahrain International Circuit, 2018
Max Verstappen, Lewis Hamilton, Bahrain International Circuit, 2018

The pair had a few run-ins before they clashed for the first time. At Suzuka in 2016 Verstappen held off Hamilton with some strong defensive moves as they disputed second place. The following year in Malaysia Hamilton didn’t put up a fight against Verstappen as he ensured he banked crucial points towards his fourth world championship title.

But at the second race of 2018, the Bahrain Grand Prix contact was made. Hamilton lined up ninth on the grid after a gearbox change penalty, Verstappen 15th after crashing in qualifying. By the end of lap one Verstappen was in Hamilton’s slipstream as they headed for turn one, and moved to pass him on the inside.

Verstappen never quite made it fully ahead of Hamilton before the corner, but used the full width of the track at the exit, leaving Hamilton the option of backing out or going off the circuit. Hamilton backed off, but tagged Verstappen’s rear-left tyre, causing a puncture which put Verstappen out of the race.

The stewards issued no penalty, which Verstappen was unimpressed about. “He drove into my left-rear, gave me a puncture and also destroyed the diff,” he complained.

Hamilton, who went on to finish third, said he had no desire to collide with Verstappen. “I just backed out because I knew he was going to try to run me wide,” he said. “But then he just kept going. He didn’t need to keep going to the edge of the track.”

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2019 Monaco Grand Prix

Passing in Monaco is virtually impossible, but that didn’t discourage Verstappen from trying to displace Hamilton from the lead in 2019. He dived for the inside line at the Nouvelle chicane with three laps to go, nudged Hamilton’s left-rear tyre, and the pair took to the run-off. Hamilton won while Verstappen fell from second to fourth in the final classification due to a five-second time penalty for an incident in the pit lane earlier in the race.

The penalty “fired me up”, said Verstappen afterwards. “As soon as I heard the penalty I was just pushing Lewis really hard.”

“There was no one to blame, also we didn’t have any real damage,” he added.

2019 Mexican Grand Prix

Start, Autodromo Hermanos Rodriguez, 2019
Start, Autodromo Hermanos Rodriguez, 2019

In Hungary that year Hamilton passed Verstappen to win, aided by significantly fresher tyres.

“As soon as I got into second I was like ‘okay, this whole battle we’ve been talking about me and Max having, we’re going to have that today’,” Hamilton said. “And it was really awesome.”

However he admitted again he had to play it safe because of the championship situation. “He put the car in some good places, I gave him space and more today, but that’s just from the mindset that we’re fighting slightly different,” he said. “If we were fighting over the same points it may have been a lot more aggressive but there was no need for that today.”

Those words certainly proved prophetic.

By the time the field reached Mexico, Hamilton was virtually assured of the title and fully into points-collecting mode. A first-lap collision with Verstappen was not at all what he wanted.

The circumstances were not entirely dissimilar to Bahrain a year earlier, Verstappen passing on the inside of a tight right-hander which led into a left. On this occasion, the Red Bull driver got slightly out of shape, nudging Hamilton, destabilising the Mercedes and provoking a messy tangle between the pair.

However it came about, when speaking about the incident afterwards Hamilton made it clear he now regarded Verstappen as a driver who required special handling.

“Every driver is slightly different,” he said. “Some are smarter. Some are very smart, aggressive and some are silly with it.”

The pandemic-disrupted 2020 season featured few incidents of note between the two. But 2021 would be very different.

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2021 Emilia-Romagna Grand Prix

Max Verstappen, Lewis Hamilton, Imola, 2021

From the opening round in Bahrain, 2021 promised to be the year Hamilton and Verstappen would finally face each other in a close championship contest. Despite what had gone before, few expected the mutual antagonism would reach such a peak.

Opening salvos were exchanged at the first race of the season in Bahrain: Verstappen passed Hamilton for the lead late in the race, but ran off-track doing so, and ceded the position back. The first win went to Hamilton.

So when Verstappen made a rapid getaway from third on the grid in the next race at Imola, he made sure Hamilton didn’t hang on around the outside of the Tamburello chicane, forcing his rival onto the steep kerbs on the outside, leaving the Mercedes with a slightly damaged front wing.

2021 British Grand Prix

The exchange of hostilities continued. In Portugal, Hamilton passed Verstappen and closed down a counter-attack at the exit of the corner, securing his second win. At round four in Spain, Verstappen dived for the inside at turn one and Hamilton sprung out of the way to avoid contact. But the Mercedes driver came back at him later in the race and took win number three.

Verstappen then went on a tear, taking four wins from five races and arriving at Hamilton’s home race with a 32-point lead in the championship. He extended that by passing pole-winner Hamilton at the start of F1’s first ever sprint race to win that and put himself on pole position for the grand prix.

But on Sunday Hamilton made the better getaway and tested Verstappen’s defences around the first eight corners of Silverstone. They screamed towards Copse with Hamilton still alongside the Red Bull, Verstappen moving back towards the racing line before swinging right into the corner with Hamilton on his inside.

The resulting contact was disastrous for Verstappen and, to his and Red Bull’s fury, ultimately had no consequence for Hamilton. The Red Bull was embedded in the Copse barrier from which Verstappen extracted himself but was later taken to hospital for checks. Hamilton suffered potentially terminal damage, but as the race was red-flagged Mercedes were able to repair it. The stewards ruled he was “predominantly” to blame for the collision and gave him a 10-second time penalty, but Hamilton overcame that as he scorched through the field to win the race.

Red Bull were outraged, and took the unprecedented step of enlisting reserve driver Alexander Albon to recreate Hamilton’s line through the corner during a subsequent test session to use as a pretext to demand the penalty decision be reviewed. Their request was denied.

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2021 Italian Grand Prix

Max Verstappen and Lewis Hamilton crash, Monza, 2021
Max Verstappen and Lewis Hamilton crash, Monza, 2021

The next collision occured at much lower speeds, but was also potentially dangerous. Verstappen landed on top of Hamilton after trying to overtake the Mercedes driver at Monza.

The Red Bull driver had been running in a strong second place behind Daniel Ricciardo until he lost time with a slow pit stop. Hamilton emerged from his pit stop ahead of the Red Bul.

Verstappen tried to pass him around the outside of turn one at the Rettifilo, but remained behind the Mercedes on the way in. He tried to stay on the inside for the following left-hander, but drive over the high kerb on the inside and rode up onto the Mercedes.

The stewards held Verstappen “predominantly” to blame for the collision, noting his car “was not at all alongside car 44 [Hamilton] until significantly into the entry into turn one”.

“In the opinion of the stewards, this manoeuvre was attempted too late for the driver of car 33 [Verstappen] to have ‘the right to racing room’,” they added. He was given a three-place grid penalty for the next race.

2021 Brazilian Grand Prix

Max Verstappen, Lewis Hamilton, Interlagos, 2021
Max Verstappen, Lewis Hamilton, Interlagos, 2021

With four grands prix to go, the championship arithmetic was simple: Hamilton could only be sure of the title if he won each of them, assuming Verstappen kept finishing second behind him.

In Brazil the Mercedes was by far the quicker car, but Hamilton had to fight from the back after penalties for a power unit change and a technical infringement. Verstappen was the last driver he needed to pass to take the lead.

The situation posed a dilemma for Hamilton which repeated over the final races of 2021. He needed to find a way past Verstappen without risking race-ending contact. A collision which put both of them out would play in Verstappen’s favour, as it left Hamilton with one less opportunity to reduce the points gap.

Verstappen clearly understood this, and pushed his defensive tactics to new extremes. Approaching Descida do Lado, turn four at Interlagos, Hamilton moved ahead of Verstappen on the outside. Verstappen braked late, missed the apex of the corner and ran off the track at the exit. Hamilton saw it coming, left himself room to avoid a collision, and successfully caught and passed Verstappen later to win.

To the surprise of many, the stewards took no action over the incident. This decision was questioned by several drivers afterwards, not least those who had been penalised for similar moves earlier in the year. Mercedes successfully petitioned the stewards to review their decision after new video footage from Verstappen’s car emerged, but they upheld the decision not to penalise Verstappen.

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2021 Saudi Arabian Grand Prix

Max Verstappen, Red Bull, Jeddah Corniche Circuit, 2021
Max Verstappen, Red Bull, Jeddah Corniche Circuit, 2021

The increasingly familiar scenario of Hamilton trying to pass Verstappen on the outside of a corner played out again on lap 37 of the Saudi Arabian Grand Prix. This time Verstappen got crossed up and again took to the run-off, while Hamilton scrabbled back onto the track as soon as he could.

As in Bahrain, Red Bull realised this wouldn’t be allowed to stand, and told Verstappen to give Hamilton the position back. He decided to do this immediately before a DRS zone, which would give him an opportunity to immediately re-pass the Mercedes. Hamilton, seeing this coming, also backed off as he closed on the Red Bull. Verstappen therefore hit the brakes, and Hamilton ran into the back of him.

The stewards said Verstappen braked “suddenly and significantly” and “in a manner which caused a collision”. For this he was given a 10-second time penalty, in addition to his five-second penalty for gaining an advantage by going off the track. Hamilton emerged from the chaos to win, his car still carrying the damage from the contact, and the pair went into the final race level on points.

2021 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix

Lewis Hamilton, Max Verstappen, Yas Marina circuit, 2021
Lewis Hamilton, Max Verstappen, Yas Marina circuit, 2021

The events of the final lap of the 2021 Abu Dhabi Grand Prix propelled the race to notoriety, but also overshadowed the controversy which erupted over the title contenders’ first lap dice.

Vertappen started from pole but Hamilton immediately took the lead from him and held it to turn six where Verstappen dived to pass him on the inside. Hamilton found himself with no room on the exit, and cut the chicane completely to keep going, while Verstappen remained on the track.

Although Hamilton rejoined ahead of his rival, the stewards determined Verstappen had forced him off and the Mercedes driver had yielded the time advantage he gained by going off the circuit.

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2022 Brazilian Grand Prix

Hamilton and Verstappen had not been involved in a prolonged on-track encounter during 2022 until last weekend. In the sprint race at Interlagos Hamilton picked his way past a wounded Verstappen, but the pair faced each other properly in the main event.

At a Safety Car restart, Verstappen attempted to go around the outside on Hamilton at the left-handed turn one, and did nose ahead, though he had braked very late to do it and Hamilton was ahead again by the exit of the corner. Verstappen tried to take the inside line for turn two, but Hamilton maintained his right to the corner and made for the apex, where they collided.

The stewards came down on Hamilton’s side, ruling Verstappen “did not complete the pass in turn one and his excess speed compromised his entry into turn two, at which point he made contact with Hamilton” and was therefore “predominantly” at fault.

The collision had shades of Monza 2021 about it. Hamilton may have been judged in the right, but had the positions been reversed, would Verstappen have given another rival as much space at the exit of turn one to attempt a pass at the next corner?

It still seems as if Hamilton is not prepared to fight Verstappen as hard as the Red Bull driver pushes him. Verstappen is a tough driver, but he seems to take an especially firm line with Hamilton, and has shown repeatedly he is more prepared to risk contact with him than others.

For much of 2021 Hamilton had too much to lose to risk being eliminated in a collision with Verstappen. Arguably that also held true last weekend, as he was keen not to squander Mercedes’ best hope of winning a race so far this year.

Now that box is ticked, it will be intriguing to see how aggressive Hamilton is prepared to be if he and Verstappen find themselves disputing the same piece of asphalt again this weekend – and on into 2023.

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Keith Collantine
Lifelong motor sport fan Keith set up RaceFans in 2005 - when it was originally called F1 Fanatic. Having previously worked as a motoring...

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59 comments on “Did Hamilton’s 10th tangle with Verstappen show he’s being “more aggressive” now?”

  1. Did Hamilton’s 10th tangle with Verstappen show he’s being “more aggressive” now?

    This article doesn’t answer the question it poses.

    1. In terms of evolution, I think everything changed at the British GP last year. Hamilton initially ceded space in the opening lap but – pride also at not losing face at Silverstone – he decided to test Verstappen for space at Copse. Verstappen chose to offer nothing, as usual, and was punted out of the race. After that, the aggression from both has been the same, I’d say, only sometimes the other driver has decided caution was better. But in any balanced situation where the drivers have the same to gain/lose or in a situation where Verstappen has nothing much to lose – as in Brazil 2022 – they will probably collide. I don’t think either is driving beyond limits. Verstappen did so in Brazil and especially Saudi Arabia, but that seemed to be reined in by Abu Dhabi, where he just drove hard but legally. Whether that changes is another question – I suspect if things go bad for MV, it would. Just his outburst over Perez shows that raging sense of entitlement is still there.

      1. Of all the people Hamilton has raced, it seems he was most aggressive with Alonso and Rosberg. He does seem to be firmer with Verstappen since last year, but I dont think its near how tough he was with Alonso and Rosberg.

        Honestly, Verstappen is infuriating. I used to be a fan, but the antics, overly aggressive driving, and constant controversy have turned me off. His speed and driving can be absolutely sublime, and a treat to watch, right up there with the greats of the sport, but thats what makes his on-track antics so much more frustrating. He doesnt need to resort to them. He has the speed and poise to win races and championships, now he has experience, and he has a team behind him led by Adrian the-Neo-of-aero Newey. I hope he doesnt continue like Schumi did and remain relentless and unrelenting throughout his career instead of maturing, because it will forever tarnish a wonderful career.

        1. I think that’s a good question. Will Verstappen mature or just stay ‘relentless and unrelenting’ like you said? Based on how many races he already has in Formula 1, and how ready he seems to snap back into an ‘unthinking’ mode, it doesn’t seem probably he’ll really change much. I thought he was impressive from Spa on this year. Brazil gave two indications that the maturity was really down to him being uncontested in the championship. I mean, I think he’s smart and calculating, only that he thinks his best option is to remain as hard a driver as possible, even at the risk of collisions, because that’s worked for him. In that sense, last year was bad education. Masi messing up the end of Abu Dhabi allowed him to keep thinking that his strategy works. Had he lost the WDC, maybe he’d have thought more deeply. But that’s just speculation. Maybe not.

      2. “chose to offer nothing” So the 2 car widths between his car and the apex is nothing now? You may want to rewatch that incident because Hamilton was offered plenty of space to avoid punting Verstappen intentionally in to the barrier.

        It is amazing how often history is being rewritten by Hamilton fans. Verstappen left more than adequate room for Hamilton, in fact when Hamilton punted into Verstappen he was already on a wider trajectory than the Ferrari behind, and a wider trajectory than Hamilton also took later in the very same race when attempting an overtake on another car in the same corner.

        The way some people describe Silverstone you would expect for it to have played out the same way as Brazil did with Hamilton on a very tight inside line on the kerbs being squeezed by Verstappen but it simply isn’t true. There was space for a whole other car in between Hamilton and the edge of the track when he chose to crash into Verstappen.

        Just contrast the number of on-track issues the two have had, Hamilton has been battering other cars frequently, while Verstappen hasn’t even during tense on track battles with other drivers, such as the Saturday’s red flagged start to the Grand Prix. Oh sorry, the ‘F1 Sprint’ as FOM want to call it.

        1. The ‘F1 Sprint’ where Max snapped his front wing endplate off against Sainz’s rear right tyre after being overtaken?

          Clean as a whistle.

        2. You are exactly right Antony. Max gave Lewis enough space, but Lewis decided to dive into the corner at too high speed, because he just didn´t want to loose this race before his home audience. He knew that if it would end in a collision, he would be on the relative safe side and Max would be at high risk of crashing severely. Disgusting mentality.

          1. The truth is, if Lewis had taken the same line he only seemed to take against Max, then he would have smashed Leclerc out of the race in 21 and 22.
            Look how close him and Leclerc were to touching while Lewis was actually on the inside kerb this year. The fact he told Charles after the race he did that because he didn’t want to hit him kinda suggests he didn’t really care if he hit Max or not.

        3. MAx fan giving a MAx responce.

          Go rewatch the silverstone incicdent. Max squeezed Hamilton to wall on the inside and failed to return completely to the racing line himself forcing both drivers to take a more accute entry to the corner.
          Hamilton is completely alongside before the corner. By contrast Max in Brazil is completely behind prior to the corner.
          Hamilton slowed accordingly in Silverstone as was shown by him staying on track despite contact. Max by contrast carried 25kph more into Copse corner than Hamilton.
          Compare that to Brazil Hamilton on outside carried less speed than Max into the corner.
          Max did not stay on track in Brazil, Hamilton did stay on track in Silverstone.

          The rule requires you leave racing room for your competitor, both cars were side by side prior to the corner. When Max & Hamilton made contact in Silverstone there were 5 car widths avaiable on the outside of Max and only 1 car width available on the inside of Hamilton.

          Your description of Hamilton diving up the inside is not correct as it was clear both drivers were side by side prior to the corner. As Hamilton made contact with the rear tyre of Max its clear Max took more speed into the corner and if anything Max failed to slow accordingly for such a high speed corner.

          Thats before we review most other situations on that corner 99% of drivers who are side by side on the outside of copse back out due to the risk being too high.

          Max failed to assess the risk accordingly in Silverstone, Forceed the issue and demanded Hamilton back out.

          As the article Mentions, Hamilton in Imola, Portugal, Spain & at Brooklands in Silverstone had backed out when on the outside even if he was the driver ahead on track as if he hadnt it would have lead to a crash.
          Max in no situation when put on the defencive in a compromised situation has backed out with Hamilton.

          Thats the key part. From your perspective if Max is on the outside or the inside he should never back out. Hamilton by contrast should always back out.

          Explain this. Why did Hamilton back out in Imola, Portugal, Spain, Brooklands, Jeddah turn 1, Jeddah turn 2, Monza lap 1 turn 4 & Abu Dhabi from the outside when Max.
          Yet Max when on the outside does not have to yield. Hamilton based on your argument could have turned in and had an accident with Max which would have been Maxs fault?

          Max issue is that when Hamilton was racing for a championship Lewis gave MAx a wide allowance and was happy to back out to prevent incident as the championship was more important. Suddently when Hamilton was racing Max as a championship contender Max expects the same treatment.

          Brazil comparing MAxs actions when Racing Hamilton in the main race at turn 1/2 to Russells actions when racing Max in the sprint in the exact same position.
          Max gets ahead by going deep into turn 1 has to square car off drops behind LH and then plants foot in attempt to get to turn 2 side by side. But in doing so carries too much pseed from an accute angle knocking both cars off.
          Russell o outside of turn 1 gets ahead carrying more speed into turn 1 squares car off and realises its a closing gap so taps the brakes and follows Max through turn 2…
          You somehow try to argue Hamilton ran Max wider than needed to in Brazil. I think you forgot they were racing, Hamilton was onthe racing line and ahead on track and he is allowed to dictate direction providing he left 1 cars width.

          Maxs interview after showed he had made decision to dive at turn 2 before finishing turn 1…

          Thats like most of Maxs incidents. They involve him arriving with more speed than his competitors from behind and relying on the other driver accomodating him. Hamilton by contrast normally is beside prior to the corner with similar speed to competitor. 1 is a dive bomb artist and the other is a racer.

          1. Incisive and well argued!

            However, do understand that you cannot reason a person out of a position they didn’t reason themselves into.

            Max Verstappen’s fans are as emotional as their driver, and probably suffer from the same entitled mentality.

            This is why his actions resonate with them.

          2. “MAx fan giving a MAx responce.”
            Not a Max fan, nice try though. I am not a Verstappen fan, Hamilton fan, Mercedes fan or Red Bull fan. You are pretty evidently a Hamilton fan though given how you so keenly misrepresent the situation to claim Hamilton was blameless…

            “Go rewatch the silverstone incicdent. Max squeezed Hamilton to wall on the inside and failed to return completely to the racing line himself forcing both drivers to take a more accute entry to the corner.”
            I didn’t need to but I did anyway. Max didn’t squeeze him, he took an early defensive move towards the wall BEFORE Hamilton switched from the left hand side of him to the right hand side, by the point that Hamilton had any overlap Verstappen was actually moving away from the wall creating a bigger gap. Certainly VERY different to squeezing him in to the wall, it is a standard defensive move to the inside line move used in many series… Defensive moves usually involve both cars taking sub-optimal entries in to corners.

            “Hamilton is completely alongside before the corner. By contrast Max in Brazil is completely behind prior to the corner.”
            Max was behind going in to T1, for T2 where the crash occurred Max was sufficiently enough alongside to satisfy the ‘significant portion’ rule, had the rules been applied correctly…
            He was behind going in to T1 but thanks to late breaking in T1 he was able to pull alongside with Hamilton going in to T2. Hamilton proceeded to just drive as if he wasn’t there, not leaving the required space.

            “Hamilton slowed accordingly in Silverstone as was shown by him staying on track despite contact. Max by contrast carried 25kph more into Copse corner than Hamilton.”
            Speed was not the issue, had Hamilton taken the tighter inside line that he subsequently took in that very same race against the Ferrari, and again in the 2022 race then they would have both come out of that corner without issue. The difference is he chose to intentionally drift out wide when attempting to overtake Verstappen and punted him into the barrier as he did.

            “Compare that to Brazil Hamilton on outside carried less speed than Max into the corner.
            Max did not stay on track in Brazil, Hamilton did stay on track in Silverstone.”

            Compare it to Silverstone where Max left racing room and some for Hamilton, whereas in Brazil Hamilton did not. He drove as if he was not there and did not leave space on the inside of the corner for the other car that was there, something Mick Schumacher did later in the race.

            Staying on the track is not the golden goose you seem to think it is, the impact forces can change the speed and trajectory of a vehicle greatly. If you play pool/snooker it can be seen with great effect, the force applied to the cue ball is transferred in to the object ball upon impact greatly reducing the velocity of it.

            “The rule requires you leave racing room for your competitor, both cars were side by side prior to the corner. When Max & Hamilton made contact in Silverstone there were 5 car widths avaiable on the outside of Max and only 1 car width available on the inside of Hamilton.”
            The rule mandates that you have to leave a cars width, it doesn’t mandate that the lead car has to avoid contact at all costs, the responsibility is placed on the attacking car to overtake in a manner that avoids crashing. Verstappen left 2 cars width, as proven by the fact that Hamilton was not only able to be alongside him in the corner but also able to have space between himself and the limits of the track on the inside. A limit he was acutely aware of considering in two over overtaking attempts across two separate years he took a far tighter line than he did when he punted Verstappen off.

            “Your description of Hamilton diving up the inside is not correct as it was clear both drivers were side by side prior to the corner.”
            That is YOUR description, not mine. I never claimed he dived up the inside. He made a legitimate overtaking move and was given more than adequate space as per the rules but still initiated contact in to doing so, which can be argued to be intentional given the line he chose to take willingly and how much it differs to the lines he took during subsequent overtakes in that very same corner.

            “As Hamilton made contact with the rear tyre of Max its clear Max took more speed into the corner and if anything Max failed to slow accordingly for such a high speed corner.”
            That is some twisted logic… Max went wide using the available space he had and there supposedly was not slow enough, but Hamilton who impacted in to another vehicle on the outside of him by attempting to use more space than was available was.
            You seem to think the driver in front driving defensively bears the responsibility of avoiding contact at all costs, he does not. That responsibility is on the overtaking driver. All the defending driver has to do is give the attacking driver just enough space, that doesn’t mean he has to jump out of the way entirely.

            “Thats before we review most other situations on that corner 99% of drivers who are side by side on the outside of copse back out due to the risk being too high.”
            You mean like the Ferraris (if my memory serves me correctly) whose lines did not differ greatly from Verstappen’s, the difference was the line Hamilton took…

            “Max failed to assess the risk accordingly in Silverstone, Forceed the issue and demanded Hamilton back out.”
            Lol. Failed to assess the situation. Other that taking a sub-optimal wider line around that particular corner that he already would to leave space for Hamilton. Space that Hamilton has subsequently proven was more than adequate when he was not intent on crashing.

            “Max in no situation when put on the defencive in a compromised situation has backed out with Hamilton.”
            Other than in Silverstone 2021 where he did and still Hamilton still punted him in to the barrier….
            He had already taken a defensive line, already compromised his line, already left more than adequate space for Hamilton on the inside, yet still Hamilton crashed in to the side of him and sent him in to the barrier at high speed. He was the lead driver, he isn’t responsible for jumping out of the way of the car behind trying to overtake.

            “Thats the key part. From your perspective if Max is on the outside or the inside he should never back out. Hamilton by contrast should always back out.”
            See above. Verstappen changed his line, Hamilton did not in Brazil.

            “Yet Max when on the outside does not have to yield.”
            In Brazil the outside of T1 becomes in the inside of T2, the crash occurred in T2 not the exist of T1. You just attempted to argue that Verstappen should have conceded Silverstone 2021 (despite leaving more than a cars width on the inside, which Hamilton did not in Brazil 2022), he was on the outside. Hamilton was on the outside of T2 in Brazil but did not leave a cars width. Your argument changes to make Hamilton blameless in both.“

            Hamilton based on your argument could have turned in and had an accident with Max which would have been Maxs fault?”
            No that is not my argument. In Silverstone Verstappen left enough room on track for Hamilton, in Brazil Hamilton did not leave enough room. Verstappen in Brazil hit the inner track limits, Hamilton in Silverstone did not.

            “Brazil comparing MAxs actions when Racing Hamilton in the main race at turn 1/2 to Russells actions when racing Max in the sprint in the exact same position.”
            Well having a driver punt you off intentionally and repeatedly blame you, then to subsequently intentionally ram your gearbox from fully behind as you try to let him by as instructed by those in charge will change your attitude towards the bully driver. Compare and contrast how many drivers Hamilton has crashed in to in 2022 compared to Verstappen. The evidence speaks for itself.

            “You somehow try to argue Hamilton ran Max wider than needed to in Brazil. I think you forgot they were racing, Hamilton was on the racing line and ahead on track and he is allowed to dictate direction providing he left 1 cars width.”
            Once again you are making argument I never made, although in doing so you are arguing against something you claimed. It is not that Hamilton ran Verstappen wide in T1, it is that he did not leave the required racing room in T2 when he acted as if he were not there.

            You are arguing against yourself. You claim Hamilton as the lead driver gets to dictate the line in Brazil but also argue that Hamilton also gets to dictate the line as the overtaking driver in Silverstone too. It is either the leading driver or the overtaking driver that gets to, it cannot be both.

            “Maxs interview after showed he had made decision to dive at turn 2 before finishing turn 1…”
            T1 leads directly in to T2, the collision occurred at the apex of T2 so not T1.

            “Thats like most of Maxs incidents. They involve him arriving with more speed than his competitors from behind and relying on the other driver accomodating him.”
            You mean unlike the other situation you use as a defense of Hamilton, in which you seem to expect Verstappen to accommodate Hamilton completely regardless of Hamilton’ actions…

            “Hamilton by contrast normally is beside prior to the corner with similar speed to competitor. 1 is a dive bomb artist and the other is a racer.”
            Lol ok. Alonso, Albon, Magnussen & Rosberg would all argue otherwise. Verstappen seemingly only clashes with Hamilton. But sure, Verstappen is the proble,,m…

  2. I think for both drivers it’s a constant balance now between aggression – not giving a centimetre to the other driver (we’re beyond inches) – and caution. This time, Hamilton undoubtedly would have liked a win but it was more important to him not to cede space to Verstappen. Verstappen hadn’t nothing to lose and everything to gain by trying to boss his way past Hamilton and also to test what he’d do. So he learnt. Will it make any difference to Tangle no. 11 in Abu Dhabi or next year? None at all. Are they right or wrong? Hard to say. Verstappen took too much pace into Turn 2 at Interlagos and would probably have collided even if Hamilton had left a bit more space (which he didn’t have to do, he had the corner and racing line). So the penalty was right. But that doesn’t necessarily mean Hamilton took the right decision. I think he did, though. Was Verstappen right? Maybe. He thinks Hamilton is his big rival and certainly wants to put a dent in his achievements. Though I suspect Russell will cause him a rethink over time.

  3. Hamilton drives like he did between 2007-2017.
    Unfortunately, his 2017-2020 driving without any competition whatsover gave him, and the press, the idea he is a clean driver where in fact he is as aggressive as Max only with less car control.

    There is a reason Niki once said the FIA should step in or Lewis would kill someone!

    1. He almost killed Max at Silverstone.. Took an enormous gamble there, irresponsible behaviour..

  4. Verstappen seems to race Hamilton as if he thinks it will automatically make him the greatest ever if he beats him.

    It’s a whole other level of competition. He screwed Charles at Austria 2019 and Charles raced him extremely hard later in Silverstone, but since that, he doesn’t give Max any special treatment.

    Thing is : if Verstappen pushed Hamilton off the track 5 or 6 times in the span of 4 races last year, why should Hamilton play nice with him? He never backs off and admit defeat, even if only temporarily.

    That beautiful battle he had with Russell only happened because Russell backed off numerous times. If it was Verstappen trying to pass other guy with his mentality, they would’ve crashed in the first chance they get.

    1. it will automatically make him the greatest ever if he beats him.

      This sounds silly. Are Jenson Button or Nico Rosberg the best ever? Nobody seems to think that. Both were good but not GOAT material. A very modest 9th position in Abu Dhabi next Sunday and also George Russell will be in that group. Will that make GR the GOAT? Of course not. Beating 44 with the same machinery is a pretty common occurrence, that’s the fact. Just a below average chauffeur, wildly overestimated.

      1. You missed his point completely.

      2. Does not apply to spineless lackeys like you, 77

      3. Him not handing Checo the place back was as silly as it can get, yet he went on with it without missing a beat.

        Don’t overstimate this guy’s thinking.

        1. Never underestimate someone who overestimates himself.

    2. And on the flip side Ham desperately tries to stop Verstappen passing him every time because he thinks if he lets him through his legacy will instantly become meaningless.

      In reality they BOTH need to drive with a bit more respect and intelligence. Hams racecraft and spacial awareness has always been lacking, so Max should take this into account and be a bit more clever with overtakes in the future.

      As joiners like to say, “measure twice, cut once”

  5. If it is okay, I would like to share an article I wrote about this:

    Firstly, to be clear, this is all speculation, and I have no evidence that any of this is definitely true because it is all so subtle and difficult to judge. But it is my opinion.

    Around thirty years ago occurred one of the most fascinating crashes of all time, as Ayrton Senna ran into the back of Nigel Mansell in Adelaide, taking both out of the race. At first glance, it may appear to be simply a misjudged braking point from Senna, while some accused him of deliberately hitting Mansell for no reason. But I believe the accident was far more complicated than that.

    In my opinion, Nigel Mansell brake-tested Senna in Adelaide. This was not like the stupid brake-testing on the road where one car pulls in front of another and slams on the brakes, trying to claim insurance, or, in motor racing, to ‘teach someone a lesson,’ but a version of brake-testing common in lower-level racing but only really brought to Formula 1 by Ayrton Senna.

    This is where the driver ahead brakes mid-corner in order to put off the driver behind, and gain time on the exit. It is a dirty and dangerous trick, but also very intelligent and tactical, and to do it properly requires real skill and ruthlessness. Ayrton Senna appeared to be the driver who introduced it into Formula 1, although it is such a subtle manoeuvre that it may have been used beforehand as well. The move is also not uncommon in racing today, with Tom Ingram accusing Gordon Shedden of brake-testing him in Donington last year in the BTCC, and Adam Morgan saying ‘it is a dirty trick, but you can usually get away with it.’

    Mansell’s brake-test in Adelaide was not quite the same, as it was more about braking early into the corner, but just gaining time wasn’t entirely the point. It was a way of standing up to Senna, who had pulled the same move on him many times in the past. For example, it is likely that Senna used the trick to defend from Mansell in Monaco 1992, when he held off the much faster Williams in the last few laps of the race.

    So in my opinion, Nigel Mansell brake-tested Ayrton Senna in order to get even with him, and show Senna that he couldn’t walk all over him. But Senna was willing to go one step further. He could see that Mansell had brake-tested him but decided to ‘fail’ the brake-test and crash into the back of Mansell. He felt he was better off sacrificing the points on that day to send a statement to the entire grid and make sure nobody pulled that trick on him ever again. The whole thing was a power-play, and Mansell may have initiated it, but Senna was still responsible for the accident and it was an example of when his ruthlessness in racing went too far.

    While this is perhaps an extreme example, I don’t think this kind of thing is too uncommon in racing. If you are racing, and the driver behind tries a ridiculous lunge that leaves you two options: back off or you both crash (and this can be done by a driver defending as well), the decision depends on the situation. If you are in a championship battle, or if you are on for your best ever result, you will probably back off. It is sometimes surprising that drivers don’t take advantage of those in these situations more often, but if the other driver is not concentrating and they collide, the driver making the move would be hated by the media and fans for ruining the championship or someone’s best result, and they perhaps don’t want to risk that.

    But in a less important situation sometimes it might be preferable to accept the crash. Otherwise, they may be seen as a target in the future of someone who can be taken advantage of. If they crash, other drivers won’t try the same move in the future. Again, it may be worth sacrificing the points on one occasion to win more battles in the future. The accident may be considered a racing incident, or either driver may be penalised, but that is not the most important thing. I really don’t know how common this is.

    An example of this came in Suzuka 1989, when Ayrton Senna dived down the inside of Alain Prost, and Prost felt he had to turn in and hit Senna to stop his rival taking advantage of him. When Senna made the same move on Alessandro Nannini later in the race, James Hunt, who had blamed Senna for the incident, said, ‘the difference is that Nannini wants to finish second. Prost did not want to finish second.’ However, the slight difference with this situation is that I actually think Senna’s move was fine, and Prost would not have been forced off had he tried to stick around the outside. Prost was responsible for the incident because he turned in and hit Senna. But perhaps he felt he had to do it for the good of the future, and he probably did.

    I consider this era to be the height of dirty tactics of Formula 1 because, while Senna was perhaps the driver who introduced them to the sport, Prost and Mansell were also clearly willing to dish it out back to him. Michael Schumacher was similarly dirty but the difference is that none of his rivals, with the possible exception of Juan Pablo Montoya, were willing to do it back to him, and this was partly a reason why Schumacher was so dominant during this time.

    Maybe if, when Schumacher put his rivals in a ‘back off or we crash’ situation, they had chosen the second option on occasion, Schumacher would not have been able to take advantage of them in the same way. But this is not a criticism of the likes of Damon Hill, Mika Hakkinen and David Coulthard. Formula 1 may have been less dangerous in the 1990s than in the past, but the reason they didn’t do it is the same as why Juan Manuel Fangio and Stirling Moss would never have pulled those kinds of tactics on each other. Crashing in Formula 1 always comes with the risk of serious injury or even death. Maybe they would have had to be more ruthless to be as good as Schumacher, but they also didn’t consider it worth the risk, and really the onus should be on the Schumachers and Sennas of this world not to use these kinds of tactics in the first place. It is very difficult for stewards to police this kind of driving.

    But is this kind of thing becoming relevant again in the rivalry between Lewis Hamilton and Max Verstappen? Last year, Karun Chandhok did an excellent analysis of some of Verstappen’s overtaking moves on Hamilton, which unfortunately I cannot find. He explained how, on many occasions during the season, Verstappen would lunge down the inside of Hamilton, giving Hamilton no opportunity to make the corner, and Hamilton would back off and let him through. One example came in Spain, and there were a few others which I don’t remember when they occurred, but at the end of the season the move in Brazil was more extreme and Verstappen too went off the track, while in Abu Dhabi he pulled the move on lap one, and Hamilton was fortunate that it was a chicane he could cut and regain the lead.

    This move is sort of legal, but it is not great because it requires co-operation from the other driver, and when Hamilton attempted a similar thing in Silverstone, Verstappen did not back off and they collided. Hamilton was lucky to be able to continue and win the race, but did get a penalty. Similarly, in Monza, Hamilton put Verstappen in a ‘back off or we both crash’ situation, and Verstappen chose the latter. It appears to me that there was a power struggle between the two throughout the season, and Verstappen really got the upper hand over Hamilton, who knew he needed to back off in key situations or he would be taken out, while Verstappen wouldn’t stand for it when Hamilton tried to do the same back to him.

    And the rivalry between these two drivers returned in Brazil yesterday. Max Verstappen sailed around the outside of Hamilton at turn one, giving him the inside for turn two. He went for a gap, Hamilton turned in and they collided. It was a racing incident in my opinion, but also I wonder if they both, in a way, did it deliberately. Verstappen later admitted that he had expected Hamilton to turn in but went for the gap anyway, but Hamilton maybe felt he had to turn in to stop Verstappen pulling the moves that he used in 2021 again in 2023, when they may be battling for the championship.

    I consider the Hamilton-Verstappen rivalry to be a lot like that of Prost and Senna, and fear that next year could involve far more incidents between the two if they are involved in another title battle, (as should be the case as Mercedes are clearly improving and you would hope that Red Bull will be negatively affected by the punishment for exceeding the budget cap), especially if Hamilton is now going to be more aggressive than he was last year.

    Max Verstappen is perhaps like Senna, ruthlessly prepared to be extremely aggressive in order to win the title, although I can’t imagine him ever pulling the equivalent of a Suzuka 1990 stunt. Hamilton is more like Prost, naturally a less aggressive driver but prepared to dish it out to his rival if it has already been done to him. It would be extremely exciting, but I fear even more toxic than 2021 and hope they can keep it clean. Maybe Charles Leclerc or George Russell will be close enough that they can’t afford to get involved in too many incidents.

    Maybe the only way to stamp it out would be to have harsher penalties for aggressive moves, but for many that would ruin the racing, because it can be done fairly, and hard but fair racing can be the most exciting part of Formula 1. So it really is almost impossible to police.

    But I am no racing driver. This is all speculation and it is possible that this entire article has been complete nonsense!

    1. @f1frog A nice analysis, thanks, especially enjoyed the Mansell-Senna discussion. Agree with everything you said I think. If Mercedes are back on par with Red Bull next season, Russell will become another factor for both Verstappen and Hamilton. I don’t see George backing down, he’s probably a harder driver than Leclerc, who Verstappen has learnt to be cautious with. I don’t think we’ve seen GR v. MV fully played out yet, though. So my guess is that Max had the ‘luxury’ of testing Hamilton in Brazil (he basically admitted he caused the crash on purpose when he could have backed out). But next year doing that will cost him to Russell. In fact, hope we get to see these battles. Because certainly Perez will offer nothing. And Ferrari?

    2. @f1frog

      He felt he was better off sacrificing the points on that day to send a statement to the entire grid and make sure nobody pulled that trick on him ever again.

      You are so right :-) This is a clash of the titans. Both want to be the alpha male. And yielding is a sign of weakness, even if it is not the smartest thing to do. Up to Imola, Lewis was the smartest and yielded. But at Silverstone he stood his ground, damed if I crash…

    3. I appreciate the thoughtful and kinda dispassionate analysis. However, joining one of the best ever F1 drivers (and the last one I was genuinely a fan of) with the worst and most despicable ever, in the same sentence is more than I can stomach.

      1. You confuse me, hyoko. You are clearly a dedicated fan and have a great knowledge of the sport, and yet you also have some kind of strange, obsessive and unexplained hatred of Lewis Hamilton. Would you mind explaining what makes him the worst and most despicable driver ever? Because in my eyes he has done absolutely nothing to deserve this title. I too am a big fan of Alain Prost, but think they are both among the best ever F1 drivers.

    4. @f1frog I thought as I read this “this should be an article”, then reread the first sentence, indeed it was just that. Doh. Nice analysis, and a good memory there..

    5. Nah, it’s no nonsense… I enjoyed it. A lovely read, I must say.
      +1000

    6. Great read. fair racing produces the most exciting racing corner after corner. That is simply the purest form because it is only a battle of race craft and not mind games.
      This is what they are playing at.
      This is only possible because the cars and tracks are so much safer.
      Anyone who has contact other than by mistake should get a heavy penalty.
      Those hypocrites can shout at fia for cranes on track (and they needed to) and then play bumper cars!
      Ab so lu te ly no respect for each other.

      BUT this is drama and it sells.
      Social media is lit up and both camps never tire to point at the other one.
      So I can’t see anything been done to limit this on track behaviour.

      Both of these guys have the skills to race fairly and am sure would feel way more satisfied if they had proper fights rather than crashes.
      And we would enjoy it a million time more.

      This is back to my gearstick is bigger than yours mentality.

      1. But…my gearstick IS bigger.

    7. Great analysis. One thing about next season though, in order for Lewis to be in another title fight with Max….. he must beat George, and after this season, one feels that might not be as straight forward. George has out-performed Lewis quite comfortably over the course of this season. And I suspect next year will be even harder for Lewis. Father time waits for no man, and you can see from this season that George’s hunger could well be the difference between the two.

  6. The majority of these incidents are Verstappen being the car behind and there being contact, or contact being avoided because Hamilton went off track. The one time it was Hamilton behind and there was contact he received the harshest penalty of all the above incidents I think. And I’m not saying that penalty was incorrect, to be clear.

    I don’t think in any of the above incidents, Verstappen has been the one taking action to avoid contact. I’m pretty sure he has when racing with other rivals though, so the question would be why does he have this block with Hamilton?

    I was watching a re-run of the 2018 Brazilian Grand Prix where in the room before the podium Verstappen was talking to Hamilton about the Ocon incident. Hamilton pretty much said he should have just got out of the way as winning the race was more important than risking contact. Verstappen didn’t look that pleased to be told he was wrong. Could that have played a part in this long standing feud? Given the Perez situation last Sunday, it seems like Verstappen doesn’t mind holding a grudge!

    I don’t see it changing going forward, so if the cars are more closely matched next season I can see a whole host of penalties going either way. It is a shame though, the two current best drivers should be able to race cleanly, it would certainly make for a brilliant season if they did.

    1. the two current best drivers should be able to race cleanly,

      Certainly, Max and Charles have been racing cleanly all year long. Maybe we should include here Fernando, but the Alpine is subpar machinery. However, when you include a thoroughly incompetent chauffeur in the mix, bad stuff happens

      1. You should let Mercedes know this. Because as it stands they’re spending unnecessary millions every season on Hamilton. They could probably get Hulkenburg for a fraction of the cost and get the same results right?

      2. @hyoko: and who are you? do you even know how to drive a cheap road car?! Or maybe you are simply being deliberately obtuse? Either way, you come across as silly or someone who really doesn’t know or understand what they are talking about!

        1. They don’t just come across, they literally are someone who knows nothing about the sport.

  7. Thank you, Edvaldo, for a clean and educated analysis of the Verstappen/Hamilton racing situations and the references of previous cases involving Senna, Prost and Mansell. I will not comment on everything you wrote, I agree with most of it and disagree on a couple of matters. But your text made me think and thank you for that. Finally, I followed Senna’s racing carreer, from his F3 days. I don’t recall all those brake tests you mention and I certainly don’t agree with you here. To be honnest I can only recall one episode at Interlagos with Schumacher and, at the time, Senna claimed his engine was cutting off or something like that. Let me just add that your final sentence “But I am no racing driver. This is all speculation and it is possible that this entire article has been complete nonsense!” should be read by the “Engineers”, “Racing Drivers”, “Stewards”, “Team Principals”, etc. that write here their one and only correct view on whatever matters are open to discussion.

    1. Oops, my comment was obviously meant to be adressed to F1 frog.

  8. It happened to Leclerc after Austria *2019 it will happen to Hamilton as well if it hasn’t already

  9. I think HAM was thinking that if he moves to the left to give space, VER is just going to keep driving left and never make the turn until VER was off the track and HAM was in the gravel or the wall.

    I think the whole, VER is calmer this year, is a myth and the only reason VER appeared calmer is he drove a rocket that passed everyone easily. VER hasn’t changed at all and the Mercs appear to have found a way to make their car faster, although we only have a single data point showing Mercedes as fast.

  10. Hmm… Let me see if i read this correct.
    So it’s Hamilton who’s ‘tangling’ with Verstappen, and not the other way around.. right… and so its Hamilton who’s “more aggressive”, and not the other way round.. right, right…. i get it….

    Of course, it is! There would be no story if Verstappen was aggressive, that’s a given, certainly no story to say Max is the one tangling with Hamilton.

    But this way the story writes itself. The story comes before the truth.

    1. It all depends on which story you are telling, the non-fiction version or the fiction re-written to suit the sensitivities of adult babies version…

      Compare how many tangles Hamilton has had with other drivers, compared to how many Verstappen has had, that gives you the answer.
      Max & Charles were able to race cleanly & fairly on Saturday but as soon as the supposed GOAT gets involved there is a crash… Max has been able to race cleanly with others all season, meanwhile Lewis has tangled with a few others.

      1. The day you see Verstappen overshooting a corner by 20 feet to avoid losing position to any other driver, your argument will hold water. Until then it is just BS.

      2. @ AntonyP

        Max has hardly battled anyone in 2022–his car is too dominant that he’s usually 10s ahead of anyone. However, the signs are still there that he’s a bully when he has to fight e.g., pushing Schumacher off track in Silverstone, making contact fighting Kevin Magnusson in Singapore, deliberating crashing into Lewis in Brazil etc

        1. Compare how many tangles Hamilton has had with other drivers, compared to how many Verstappen has had, that gives you the answer.

          Errrm… you really don’t want to do that. It would undermine your argument immensely.

          Talk about digging your into a hole and throwing away the shovel!

  11. I still think we haven’t really seen the “big one” between them yet.
    I still expect a high-speed smash with both of them having sizable shunts, wrecking their cars and being carted off to the medical centre.

    1. Verstappens planting his car on top of Hamilton’s in Monza, comes pretty dam close, wouldn’t you say?

  12. For such an incompetent driver, there is something 44 is a consummate master at: the art of T-boning and wrecking the rival’s car without sustaining any damage. One would say 44 is driving a M1A1 Abrams instead of a Merc. Max would do well learning this ability and putting it to good use.

    1. I believe Max driving over Lewis at Monza fits your tank analogy better.

  13. Hamilton hasn’t improved on wheel to wheel racing with age, more small errors appear. Just gotten more aggressive. Rosberg he forced out of many corners as well. Difference with Max is he is just as aggressive.

  14. I wouldn’t say Hamilton is any more aggressive with Max than in previous instances. When you compare how Lewis drives against other drivers it’s pretty much on par with how he drives against Max. Lewis will take any opportunity to squeeze a driver out if he feels it’s within the rules, most of the time it seems the stewards agree.

    What surprises me, given Lewis’ “promise” of being more aggressive this year, he has had very few comings together with other drivers; not noticeably more or less than in previous years.

    1. I think what he meant is that he wouldn’t acquiesce to ‘Crashstappen’ as otherwise that just sets an expectation.

      The latter part of ’21 Lewis’s biggest enemy was the DNF and that seems to have given some the false impression of being unduly cautious.

  15. Nah, it’s no nonsense… I enjoyed it. A lovely read, I must say.
    +1000

  16. Let them kill each other, the one who survives is the best driver ever. Any comment on this deep thought hyoko? I enjoy to read any nonsense you write. Bring it on!

  17. How wonderful the FIA are.

    Intend to crash someone out of the race? A mere few seconds added.

    Missing 100ml of fuel? Struck from the results.

    1. 10 seconds to be exact, despite another driver being given a 20 second penalty for a far less intentful and clumsy crash only the race prior…

      Grosjean got a race ban for less than one of Hamilton’s crashes, of which there has been plenty in the last seasons.

  18. Hamilton and Verstappen are both jerks and bullies.

    They also tend to be super fast and fighting for P1.

    I am sure many drivers would avoid said tangles, but all of them would be P3 last year..

  19. No, they clash because neither budges.

  20. Both are responsible. However Ham will never change now, that’s just who he is. He’s been crashing and tangling with drivers since 2007, Massa, Button, Rosberg etc. He always looks a bit desperate and out of his depth when wheel to wheel racing but always tries to blame the other drivers.

    Max has also too had his share of tangles, however if he’d just stop being so desperate especially now he has a competitive car (and not the clear second/third fastest from all his previous RB years), he can now afford to back off and calculate a move over a few laps. If he took this 99% approach (instead of 101%) he’d make mincemeat of Ham and any others.

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